HOW TO RAISE CROPS

SUBJECT: AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE

THEME: PROCESSES OF AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION

TERM: SECOND TERM

WEEK: WEEK 3

CLASS: PRIMARY 5

DURATION: 40 MINUTES

TOPIC: HOW TO RAISE CROPS

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

At the end of this Module, Pupils should be able to know the:

• Meaning of  farm crops
• Examples of farm crops.
• Procedures for raising farm crops.
• Raise school farm (practical).

TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS

• Whiteboard/ Chalkboard
• Explanatory posters/pictures
• Explanatory videos

TEACHING AND LEARNING METHOD

• Explanation
• Discussion
• Questions and Answers.

REFERENCE MATERIALS

• Universal Basic Education Curriculum.
• NERDC Basic Education Curriculum for Primary Schools.
• Unified Schemes of Work Primary Schools four Agricultural Science (MIDDLE BASIC)
• Internet.
• Lagos State Agricultural Science Scheme of Work
•  Agricultural Science for Primary Schools.

                        MODULE CONTENT

                    WEEK 1 CONTENT

MEANING OF FARM CROPS

Farm crops plants nurtured by farmers because of their usefulness. Field crops are crops grown on the field without being raised in the nursery.

Examples of field crops

1. Cereals; examples are millet, wheat, Guinea corn, rice, sorghum.
2. Legumes; examples are groundnut, beans, soybeans, cowpea.
3. Tuber; examples are cassava, yam, cocoyam, potato.

WEEK 2 CONTENT

PROCEDURES/PROCESSES FOR RAISING FIELD CROPS

1. Choosing of site: the site to be used in raising field crops should be well drained fertile soil.
2. Clearing of land: land should be cleared by human labourer using hoe and cutlass or tractors
3. Tilling and stumping: after clearing, the farmer should remove all tree stock from the land using pick axe or plough so, that it will not prevent the roots of young growing crops from penetrating the soil.
4. Ridges and mounds making: to soften the soil and to make crops grow well, ridges or mounds should be prepare. Using hoe or tractor.
5. PLANTING: before planting, the farmer should know which spacing method (row planting) to use (40 – 100cm between one crop and the other) because spacing make weeding easy, manuring easy, easy access to sunlight. The seed to be planted should be healthy and chemicals can be used to treat the seed in other to prevent them from being eaten up by insects, birds or rodents.

Planting can be done by

1. Sowing seed: soya beans, maize, groundnut are grain crops which can be planted by sowing their seeds in beds, ridges or on flat land.
2. Stem cuttings: cassava can be planted using the stem.
3. Tuber seeds: cocoyam, yam are planted by planting small part of the tuber (tuber seeds).
4. Suckers: plantain, banana can be planted using it sucker.
5. Regular Weeding: weeds should be always be removed from the farm using small hoes or weed killer chemicals.
6. Application of fertilizer: fertilizer should be adequately applied to improve the fertility of the soil to increase crop’s yield.
7. Harvesting: when the crops is matured. It should be harvested.
8. Processing and preservation of crops: after harvesting the crops can be changed into different products .for example cassava is changed to garri.
9. Storage: after processing the products can be stored to prevent pest, diseases and thieves.
10. Marketing: the farm produce should be taken to the market and sell to the final consumer.

 INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURE

• The Teacher revises the previous lesson (CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS BASED ON USES).
• The Teacher introduces the topic (HOW TO RAISE CROPS).
• The Teacher explains the lessons.

LEARNERS ACTIVITIES

• Learners participate in the class discussion

EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES

• Mention the steps of growing crops.

CONCLUSION: the teacher summarize the lesson.

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